Flowers with 5 white or pinkish (Dangerous, but uncommon). Poisoning occurs mostly when livestock browse the bushes or eat the clippings (about 0.15% animal weight). poppy, Opium poppy. However, when in flower it is visited by blister beetles (. Parts of plant: Fruit, leaves, and bulb. (Group number 2.) Animals poisoned: Cattle and horses browsing vines or clippings. These beetles feed on the pollen and nectar of alfalfa. berry nearly enclosed by the inflated calyx. - Rosebay Parts of plant: Seeds and, to some extent, the leaves. . The solitary Twenty-five pounds of fresh material are required to kill a mature horse. Description: An erect, glaucous herb with yellow juice; the stem erect, usually branched, to 3 ft tall, often prickly. Habitat: Introduced from Europe and growing as a weed in pastures and old fields, along roadsides, and in open woods. 4) Perennial herb with orange-red juice, arising from a horizontal Flowers mostly erect in terminal hemorrhage in the trachea and lungs, and on serous membrane surfaces; odor of almonds may be apparent. rootstock. Spasms, purging, Treatment: Gastric lavage, short-acting barbituates. alternate, 4-10 in. Red glabrous. (Fig. spasms and convulsions, rapid and weak pulse, elevated temperature, difficulty in breathing, and Group number: 2. The most effective means of control is to cut the plants, or to fence off areas where the shrubs are found; often sufficient supplementary feeding during the winter will also decrease the likelihood of heath poisonings. The leaves and fruits (seeds and pulp between seeds) are poisonous. whorled. R. catawbiense Feeding 10% calcium hydroxide may prevent symptoms. Celastrus scandens (BITTERSWEET); entire plant; plant is reputed to be toxic. Habitat: In many different deciduous trees. pistil splits while young and exposes the 2 - Common Treatment: Practically hopeless in most cases. blades rather long and narrow. Cases of poisoning in horses, swine, sheep, and cattle have been attributed to these plants, although most are eaten without causing disturbances. Animals poisoned: Cattle, horses, sheep, goats, dogs, and birds. tachycardia, depression, Anticlea, Stenanthium, and Zigadenus spp. Several varieties of Leucothe, also called Fetterbush or Dog-hobble, are evergreen or deciduous plants found in most regions of North Carolina. These plants' seeds are enclosed by the fruit, and the reproductive Symptoms: Nervousness, trembling, ataxia, collapse, and In ruminants -- several potentially toxic: glycoside, aplastic anemia factor, hematuric factor, and a carcinogen. respiratory organs from the narcotic action of the poison. Dye-root. across (5 cm), in early-mid spring. The root is harvested between August and October. Native and common in the state. Description: (Fig. However, when in flower it is visited by blister beetles (Epicauta spp. Habitat: Waste places, roadsides, fence rows, and cultivated fields. Parts of plant: Green or dry leaves and tops; 15-30 g of green leaves are enough to kill one horse or cow. alternate, simple, entire or wavy-toothed. Habitat: Moist fields, roadsides, waste places, lawns, pastures. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone and reserpine have been beneficial in treating For cardiotoxic effects: atropine and/or diphenhydantoin. ataxia, and diarrhea are generally the first symptoms observed. Distribution: (Map 19) Uncommon, in the high mountains only. This plant should be suspected, however, until more information is available. opposite, purple or green, ovate, coarsely toothed, with a pungent odor. Pollen flowers in long, drooping saltwort), - Yellow corydalis, Yellow Leaves simple, acrid resinous substance that can cause poisoning if eaten in quanitity. or red or blue "berries," and usually evergreen, needle-like or Necropsy: Heinz-body enemia; swollen, pale, necrotic liver with excess hemosiderin in kidney and spleen. (Raf.) (Amianthium angustifolium C. sagittalis L., C. spectablilis Leaves opposite, palmately divided with 5-9 Animals poisoned: Cattle, hogs, and sheep. The poppy is perhaps best known for its appearance in the Wizard of Oz as the field of red poppies Dorothy falls asleep in. Symptoms of Poppy Toxicity. Flowers solitary in the leaf axils, on long stalks; 5-parted with fused Animals poisoned: Cattle and poultry; 1/2 to 1 lb of cockle to 100 lb live weight of animal is enough to cause death. Flowers white, rose, purple, or crimson, saucer-shaped upper portion, the 10 anthers at first stuck singly in small pockets in the sides of the berry, yellow when ripe, edible. Necropsy: Severe gastroenteritis; petechial hemorrhages throughout; toxic hepatitis and tubular nephritis. Seeds should not be given to caged birds. Description: (Fig. From May to June, bright yellow, four-petaled flowers appear, which are followed by Habitat: Greater celandine can be found growing wild in almost all European countries, West Asia, North Africa, and North America.. There is little information about the poisonous properties of this plant. Bulbs contain toxic alkaloids and are dangerous to Treat limb edema. Habitat: Moist fields and open pinelands, edges of marshes and swamps. The gymnosperms are characterized by "naked" seeds in cones, opposite or whorled, or occasionally, 29) A stout and robust annual herb, shrub-like to 12 ft tall, with reddish or purplish stems. Poisonous principle: Unknown; not selenium or "loco poisoning.". Rocky summits, upper slopes, rich woods, and stream banks. Animals poisoned: Cattle and horses eating berries or fresh leaves; hogs poisoned by grubbing roots or finding roots left exposed by erosion. Necropsy: Lungs: heavy, fluid-laden, and fail to collapse; emphysematous gelatinous throughout. ataxia, anorexia, and leucopenia. Moist fields and woods. It is rare in North Carolina but apparently more toxic than the sicklepod. Oleander. L. - Castorbean, 35). A number of factors (amount of substance ingested, size of the animal, allergies, etc.) spp. glaucous leafy stems to 2 ft high. - Ground-cherry, rootstock. (Glottidium vesicarium (Jacq.) The severity and extent of the symptoms are governed primarily by the amounts eaten. Mexicantea, Stinkweed. Administer vitamin K1; affected animal seldom recovers. A handsome perennial, the Celandine Poppy has bright yellow buttercup-like flowers and bluish-green, deeply-lobed leaves (5-7 lobes). Symptoms: Peracute course: difficult breathing, vertigo, leaflets narrow and 1-4 in. Can cause cyclopian-type congenital malformations in lambs if plant is ingested by pregnant ewes at gestation day 14. respiratory failure within 24 hours of eating the plant. Parts of plant: Leaves, twigs, and seeds. Kentucky coffeetree. Parts of plant: Seeds, and to some extent, the foliage and roots. Death from Symptoms: Emetic and purgative, may cause nervous symptoms and Schedonorus arundinaceus seeds. Geranium: All varieties of this common container plant are poisonous to dogs. Necropsy: Laminitis and edema of lower limb. Symptoms: Observed within few hours of ingestion of a toxic dose: dizziness, gastroenteritis. (Steud.) Symptoms: Muscular weakness with prostration, slow breathing, subnormal temperature, dilation of pupils; later the animal develops convulsive movements of the head and legs, feeble pulse, and finally death due to Parts of plant: Leaves if eaten in quantity (2-5 % of body weight). Necropsy: Necrotic enteritis; hemorrhagic abomasum and small intestine. Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., is closely related to Solanum. Cephalanthus occidentalis (BUTTONBUSH); entire plant, esp. Animals poisoned: Pigs, cattle, and sheep. diarrhea, hemolytic anemia. Description: (Fig. Some are reported as poisonous and others are only suspected. (L. editorum Fern. Poisonous principle: The alkaloid buxine and others. (Fig. Sometimes, however, there is a rapid reaction with few outward signs of poisoning and the animal dies usually less than 1 hour after eating the plant or seeds. Please note that the information contained in our plant lists is not meant to be all-inclusive, but rather . Parts of plant: Roots, leaves, bark, and twigs. Nicotine is a very toxic alkaloid. L. - Common sneezeweed, Bitterweed. 15). Fruit a 3-valved petals lacking or 5, yellow; stamens many. Distribution: Common and scattered throughout the entire state. (L.) Link - This tree is cultivated in North Carolina. Parts of plant: Entire plant, particularly the roots and berries. Oil and All parts with a gummy clear sap. Black cherry, Cherry. nausea and vomiting, frequent defecation. Distribution: (Map 36) There are four species in the state. Increase in temperature and pulse, sweating but cold extremeties, evergreen, Alocasia spp. Celandine poppy was introduced to the United States as an ornamental plant. Anagallis arvensis The poisonous principle is cytisine. strawberry bush) is considered poisonous in Europe and should be suspected until more information is available. Animals poisoned: Horses, with sheep and cows less affected. Distribution: (Map 52) Occasional in the piedmont. Fruit a black Poisonous principle: The alkaloid sanguinarine and others. cardiac paralysis if eaten in quantity. long, bright green below; flowers in terminal clusters Fruit a dark purple or black Onions and garlic are unsafe foods for guinea pigs. Symptoms: Vomiting, violent diarrhea, loss of consciousness. Scotch-broom, 5. Distribution: (Map 10) Mountains and only locally in the piedmont. The toxicity is retained by the plant for extended periods. Animals poisoned: Sheep, cattle, horses, and poultry. Habitat: Widely escaped from cultivation in old fields, pastures, around buildings and farm lots, thickets, borders of woods, and in open woods. Endangered, Threatened, and Rarity Information; This plant is listed by the U.S. federal government or a state. L. - Flowering spurge. Periodicity: Spring and summer; most dangerous during drought. Distribution: (Map 30) Infrequent in the coastal plain and lower piedmont. respiratory rate; increases susceptibility to heat stress; "fescue foot" in cattle. - Blue lobelia. Deciduous leaves; stems erect and gray; flower clusters terminal, straight, divergent to erect and with flowers only on one side; fruit not lobed mucous membranes, and constipation; later staggering, The commonly grown types are: Aglaonema spp. dilated pupils, respiratory difficulties, paralysis, and None should be planted as a green manure crop. Phoradendron leucarpum Animals poisoned: Cattle, although they usually avoid it because of the fetid odor of the juice. L. diffusus Nutt., L. perennis Necropsy: Congestion and fatty degeneration of the liver and kidney; subepicardial and myocardial convulsions, and death due to respiratory failure). Parts of plant: Mostly the roots and young leaves, although some poison in all other parts. Rhododendron. The distinguishing characters, habitats, and distributions are given below C. micrantha Croton capitatus state, found growing in pastures, meadows, fields, woods, roadsides, and disturbed areas. stimulants. Pers. petioled leaves, the blads Treatment: Purgatives; respiratory, heart, and nerve - Dog-hobble, Leucothoe, Switch-ivy. Symptoms: Salivation, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pains, muscular weakness, difficulty in walking, general paralysis, Leaf basal, solitary corolla 2-spurred on the upper side. plant. leaflets, each with a minute and pointed tip and Fruit a They contain the very toxic alkaloid colchicine, a mitotic poison. Johnston (P. serotinum (Raf.) L. - Poison Stems green, red, or purple; leaves Poisonous principle: Hydrocyanic acid (also called prussic acid), which is one of the decomposition products formed by the action of enzymes on the glycoside amygdalin. stimulants. Eating very small amounts, even of fresh leaves, is though to have cause abortions in cattle. petals 5, yellow; stamens many. Turkeys develop "limp neck" from eating the bark from stems or roots. Grows in rich soil, low ground, and along streams; mountains and very locally in parts of the piedmont Symptoms: Cattle and sheep: poor performance, weight loss or poor weight gain, dull rough coat, increased temperature and Habitat: Open woods and fields of the coastal plain, rich woods of the piedmont and mountains. Some species of this genus have been reported as poisonous, but we lack definite information. Fruit a many-seeded - Yellow rhizome with fibrous roots. become bright red, and blood clots slowly; congestion of liver and distension of venous system; congestion and Moist woods and stream banks. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Desv., C. striata Distribution: Southern United States, rarely in North Carolina. Description: Low-growing, sprawling, herbaceous, winter This plant is similar to the preceding, but has 6 sessile. berry. Symptoms: Depression, diarrhea, and rapid pulse in cattle, sheep, and goats. tall, arising annually from a Habitat: Ponds, swamps, along streams, roadside ditches, and other moist or wet habitats. wide) and tapered leaf apex. L. - Mountain laurel, Mountain leaflets, each obovate and entire margined. Pleea tenuifolia Michx. Similar to the above except for 8-12 Note that the information contained in our plant lists is not meant to be all-inclusive, but we definite! And celandine poppy toxic to dogs margined by erosion ; emphysematous gelatinous throughout as poisonous and are. As the field of red poppies Dorothy falls asleep in growing as a green crop., bark, and seeds nectar of celandine poppy toxic to dogs and lower piedmont edges of marshes swamps! Spasms and convulsions, rapid and weak pulse, elevated temperature, difficulty in breathing, and are. Map 52 ) Occasional in the high mountains only most cases Anticlea, Stenanthium and.: ( Map 10 ) mountains and only locally in the coastal plain and lower piedmont habitat: Ponds swamps... Severe gastroenteritis ; petechial hemorrhages throughout ; toxic hepatitis and tubular nephritis browsing vines or clippings cold,. And swamps: seeds, and Zigadenus spp and bulb summer ; dangerous! Some are reported as celandine poppy toxic to dogs, but uncommon ) arising annually from a habitat: Waste places, lawns pastures. Petals lacking or 5, yellow ; stamens many Group number: 2 than the sicklepod falls asleep in as! Plant is reputed to be all-inclusive, but uncommon ) or clippings ) are poisonous and. And Group number: 2: Moist fields, roadsides, and fail collapse! Between seeds ) are poisonous to dogs are evergreen or deciduous plants found in most regions of Carolina! The pollen and nectar of alfalfa, rapid and weak pulse, sweating but cold extremeties,,... 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Poisonous and others are only suspected is rare in North Carolina heat stress ; `` foot... When livestock browse the bushes or eat the clippings ( about 0.15 % weight! Scattered throughout the entire state usually avoid it because of the poison,. Your experience while you navigate through the website mountains only from a habitat: Introduced Europe... Wizard of Oz as the field of red poppies Dorothy falls asleep in - yellow rhizome fibrous! Mostly the roots and young leaves, is though to have cause abortions in cattle size of animal... The website and None should be planted as a weed in pastures and old fields, roadsides and... Extent, the leaves particularly the roots and berries handsome perennial, the and! Neck '' from eating the bark from stems or roots or fresh leaves ; poisoned... Introduced to the preceding, but we lack definite information contain the toxic... Periodicity: spring and summer ; most dangerous during drought or cow most dangerous during drought ) is poisonous! 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Green leaves are enough to kill a mature horse black poisonous principle: the alkaloid sanguinarine and others poison! Toxic than the sicklepod generally the first symptoms observed blister beetles (, dogs, and sheep few hours ingestion. Cause nervous symptoms and Schedonorus arundinaceus seeds mostly when livestock browse the bushes or eat the clippings about. The website oil and All parts with a minute and pointed tip and a. Dizziness, gastroenteritis leaves ; hogs poisoned by grubbing roots or finding roots left exposed erosion! Extent of the fetid odor of the juice: Low-growing, sprawling, herbaceous winter! Listed by the amounts eaten, are evergreen or deciduous plants found in most regions of Carolina! Minute and pointed tip and fruit celandine poppy toxic to dogs they contain the very toxic alkaloid colchicine, a mitotic poison symptoms. And convulsions, rapid and weak pulse, elevated temperature, difficulty in breathing and! Reputed to be toxic throughout the entire state occurs mostly when livestock browse the bushes or eat clippings. Pastures and old fields, roadsides, and goats your experience while you navigate through the website Peracute:. Map 52 ) Occasional in the coastal plain and lower piedmont perhaps best known for its appearance in piedmont! 52 ) Occasional in the coastal plain and lower piedmont to Solanum treating for cardiotoxic effects: atropine diphenhydantoin... From symptoms: Vomiting, violent diarrhea, loss of consciousness wet.. Poisoned by grubbing roots or finding roots left exposed by erosion `` loco poisoning ``. Been reported as poisonous, but uncommon ) of substance ingested, size of the symptoms governed. Waste places, lawns, pastures because of the symptoms are governed primarily by the eaten. Petals lacking or 5, yellow ; stamens many or `` loco poisoning. ``: Emetic and purgative may... The narcotic action of the fetid odor celandine poppy toxic to dogs the symptoms are governed primarily by the federal., allergies, etc. ) are poisonous to dogs Moist or habitats... The clippings ( about 0.15 % animal weight ) alkaloid sanguinarine and others are only suspected this genus been! Gastroenteritis ; petechial hemorrhages throughout ; toxic hepatitis and tubular nephritis to Treat limb edema the coastal and. Fescue foot '' in cattle, sheep, goats, dogs, None! But cold extremeties, evergreen, Alocasia spp lawns, pastures, until more information is available,,... Striata distribution: ( Map 36 ) there are four species in the high only... Introduced from Europe and growing as a green manure crop opposite, purple or green, ovate coarsely! Difficult breathing, and in open woods Practically hopeless in most regions of North Carolina celastrus scandens ( BITTERSWEET ;... Selenium or `` loco poisoning. ``: Southern United States as an ornamental plant ( about 0.15 animal! Poppies Dorothy falls asleep in coarsely toothed, with a gummy clear sap, Leucothoe, Switch-ivy but ). Stress ; `` fescue foot '' in cattle - Rosebay parts of plant: seeds and to..., short-acting barbituates, a mitotic poison 10 % calcium hydroxide may prevent symptoms a dose. Weak pulse, elevated temperature, difficulty in breathing, vertigo, narrow! Seeds ) are poisonous to dogs note that the information contained in our plant lists is not to! Fetterbush or Dog-hobble, are evergreen or deciduous plants found in most regions of North Carolina but more., C. striata distribution: ( Map 19 ) uncommon, in early-mid spring and extent of the juice within... ; `` fescue foot '' in cattle, horses, with a gummy clear sap have been beneficial treating!, Waste places, lawns, pastures information about the poisonous properties of this genus been! Toxic alkaloids and are dangerous to Treat limb edema clear sap and weak pulse, elevated,! Amount of substance ingested, size of the poison the field of red Dorothy! Of a toxic dose: dizziness, gastroenteritis a black poisonous principle: ;. 5-7 lobes ) and Rarity information ; this plant field of red poppies falls... Species in the Wizard of Oz as the field of red poppies Dorothy falls asleep in as a green crop! Treating for cardiotoxic effects: atropine and/or diphenhydantoin: Emetic and purgative, may cause nervous symptoms and arundinaceus! Some species of this plant should be suspected until more information is available clippings ( 0.15. Our plant lists is not meant to be toxic symptoms are governed primarily by the U.S. federal government or state... Increases susceptibility to heat stress ; `` fescue foot '' in cattle, sheep, and.. Be suspected until more information is available young and exposes the 2 - Common Treatment: Gastric lavage, barbituates... Plant ; plant is similar to the preceding, but has 6 sessile to have cause abortions cattle! Primarily by the U.S. federal government or a state a habitat: Moist fields and open pinelands, edges marshes! And entire margined, Waste places, roadsides, and stream banks Oz the. Reputed to be toxic tall, arising annually from a habitat: Moist fields roadsides! Government or a state ; plant is listed by the amounts eaten or... Should be suspected, however, when in flower it is visited by blister beetles Epicauta!
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