and he was held prisoner until 1781. After the war, the Declarations vision was embodied in the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to the Constitution, which formally ended slavery, guaranteed all persons the equal protection of the laws, and gave African-American men the right to vote. Four of the signers were taken captive
Jr. and his wife were enroute to France in 1779 when their
first seven presidential electors from Connecticut. From 1789-1792
He
chief author of the Declaration of Independence. and was the Superintendent of Finance under the Articles of Confederation. James Madison and other supporters of the Constitution initially resisted the need for a bill of rights as either unnecessary (because the federal government was granted no power to abridge individual liberty) or dangerous (since it implied that the federal government had the power to infringe liberty in the first place). and financial difficulty in his later years and spent time in debtors
Pennsylvania from 1791-1794. William Paca also served as a delegate
Stephen Hopkins (1707-1785)Stephen
was adopted by the Continental Congress. Eight states currently have their original documents; Georgia, Maryland, New York, and Pennsylvania do not. (next to Benjamin Franklin). Like the preamble to the Declaration, the Bill of Rights was largely a promissory note. He
during his time in Congress. He was a member of the New Jersey
Surgeon General in the Middle Department of the Continental Army
on the duties of his ill father. Oak Hill Publishing Company. in 1786, and was opposed to the Constitution until it incorporated
the resolution for independence to the Second Continental Congress
of the signers ranged from 26 (Edward Rutledge) to 70 (Benjamin
problems, but was elected to the state legislature of Rhode Island
Henry Lee of Virginia. Explore our new 15-unit high school curriculum. the others were planters, merchants and shippers. In November 1776 he was captured by
From
At the end of the day on September 15, 1787, after all of the delegations present had approved the Constitution, the convention ordered it engrossed on parchment. This note was a promise that all menyes, black men as well as white menwould be guaranteed the unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.. Why did Jefferson draft the Declaration of Independence? in 1781. Thomas Lynch Jr. were the only father and son team to serve
Benjamin Franklin signed the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution. Lewis was one who truly felt the tragedy of the Revolutionary War. During
In 1785 he represented Maryland at
The Bill of Rights was proposed by the Congress that met in Federal Hall in New York City in 1789. It mirrors the data found on a similar page which has demographics for the attendees of the Constitutional Convention and another Clark was a farmer, surveyor and politician who spent most of his
to return to New Hampshire to become an Associate Justice of
after the votes had been taken on the resolution for independence
Twelve of the 14 copies are known to have survived. He
artist. The British
He left Congress in 1779
the ravaging of his home, Hart spent time in the Sourland Mountains
During the Revolutionary War, the British used
Clymer had a great deal of financial talent and signed both the
Revolutionary War and was a member of the Continental Congress
Georgia and began to practice medicine. Finally, there is the Bill of Rights. Link couldn't be copied to clipboard! The Declaration of Independence was a propaganda document rather than a legal one. And how did each document, in turn, influence the next in Americas ongoing quest for liberty and equality? Images courtesy of Wikimedia Commons under the Creative Commons Share-Alike License 3.0. in the Pennsylvania militia in 1782. died a month after his reelection. Jefferson, who was in France at the time, wasnt among them. destroyed Heywards home at White Hall during the war
Alexander Hamilton who became our first Secretary of the Treasury. The American Revolutionary
He
Lee (1734-1797)Francis Lightfoot Lee
Two copies those of the federal government and Delaware are in the National Archives. a receiver for finances for the Congress of the Confederation. upon his return. Robert Treat Paine
and he along with John Adams helped to establish the Continental
from 1776-1779. Academy and Franklin College which later became the University
of 50. signing of the Declaration of Independence and also served on the
until 1786 when he accepted the post of Commissioner of the Continental
At the end of the day on September 15, 1787, after all of the delegations present had approved the Constitution, the convention ordered it engrossed on parchment. The memorial is located on a small island, in a part of the National Mall called Constitution Gardens, which is north of the reflecting pool between the World War Samuel Chase (1741-1811)Samuel
of Harvard, studied theology with his father and eventually
General Whipple was involved in the successful
Wilson was elected to the Congress from 1775-77 and 1785-87, chosen
As
suffered from heart problems and died while traveling his court
the course of the Revolutionary War, and his wife died three months
Governor of Georgia from 1789-1790 and a United States Senator
and Charleston, South Carolina. The publication of the Constitution in the Pennsylvania Packet was the first opportunity for We the People of the United States to read the Constitution that had been drafted and would later be ratified in their name. in Delaware and New Jersey during the Revolutionary War. a military captain involved in the campaigns at Port Royal Island
during the Revolutionary War. George Ross (1730-1779)George
die after John Morton of Pennsylvania and Button Gwinnett of
of New York. as Speaker of the Upper House of the Delaware Assembly. or forties. When it came time to form a central government in 1776, the Continental Congress began to create a weak union governed by the Articles of Confederation. of the Chancery Court of Virginia from 1789-1806. He
Floyd had his estate in New York destroyed by the British and Loyalists
Matthew Thornton
He served as Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts
(1732-1794)Richard Henry Lee introduced
Hart became the Speaker of the Lower House of the New Jersey state
of Independence. Rush was elected to the Continental Congress in 1776, appointed
served as the commanding General of the Lower Virginia Militia
Rutledge of South Carolina. Today, there are debates over whether the federal government has become too powerful in threatening fundamental liberties. Whipple was a former sea captain who commanded troops during the
to the Continental Congress in 1776. He declined the position and suggested
Francis Lewis (1713-1802)Francis
(1716-1778)Philip Livingston was not
For this reason, the proposed amendment that Madison considered the most valuable amendment in the whole list would have prohibited the state governments from abridging freedom of conscience, speech, and the press, as well as trial by jury in criminal cases. U.S. independence. The Founders believed that natural rights are inherent in all people by virtue of their being human and that certain of these rights are unalienable, meaning they cannot be surrendered to government under any circumstances. He was very influential and convinced people at the convention to adopt the constitution even though it was flawed. served as an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court
WebThe date that the Declaration was signed has long been the subject of debate. Stone, whom then Secretary of State John Quincy Adams commissioned in 1820 to create a precise facsimile of the original engrossed version of the Declaration. elections of 1788, 1792, 1796 and elected Governor for South Carolina
such great men as Thomas Jefferson, James Monroe, John Marshall
Chief Justice of Maryland in 1778, Governor of Maryland from 1782-1785
Samuel Huntington
Although he attended the meetings in Philadelphia
Richmond, Virginia. Assembly, but served for a very short period of time because of
But the Articles of Confederation proved too weak for bringing together a fledgling nation that needed both to wage war and to manage the economy. (1731-1811)William Williams was a graduate
following gives a bit of information about each signer AFTER the
As James Madison emphasized in, in 1788, the delegates to the Constitutional Convention had proposed a Constitution which is to be of no more consequence than the paper on which it is written, unless it be stamped with the approbation of those to whom it is addressed. Only 25 copies of the, Start your constitutional learning journey. His
WebThough connected in spirit, the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence are separate, distinct documents. There are some clear similarities among the three documents. as well as serving on both the military and marine committees
Josiah Bartlett 3. He was a graduate of Princeton College,
retired from politics in 1804 and spent the rest of his life managing
Because I found the information difficult to find on the Internet, I compiled the demographics for the Signers of the Declaration of Independence for this page. And when Jefferson said, in the first paragraph of the Declaration of Independence, that [w]hen in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, he was recognizing the right of revolution that, the Founders believed, had to be exercised whenever a tyrannical government threatened natural rights. spent his remaining years handling his business affairs. from 1789-1791. The goal was to avoid a powerful federal government with the ability to invade rights and to threaten private property, as the Kings agents had done with the hated general warrants and writs of assistance. During the Revolutionary War, Rutledge was
John Hancock (1737-1793)John
Chief Justice of the Common Pleas (1779-1782), Associate (1782-1788)
Robert Treat Paine 8. 1781 he suggested a plan that became the Bank of North America
George Wythe (1726-1806)George
Richard Stockton
Writs of assistance, for example, authorized customs officers to break open doors, Chests, Trunks, and other Packages in a search for stolen goods, without specifying either the goods to be seized or the houses to be searched. His home
(One of the amendments submitted by the North Carolina ratifying convention but not included by Madison in his proposal to Congress would have prohibited Congress from establishing monopolies or companies with exclusive advantages of commerce.). Thomas Lynch,
The memorial to the 56 signers of our nations founding document, the Declaration of Independence, is often overlooked or unfamiliar to most visitors to Washington, D.C. He was the Speaker of the Lower House
Penn was one of sixteen signers of the Declaration of Independence
Gerry served for a time as a member of the state legislature of
of Georgia. it lacked a bill of rights. later before making a trip to England. (1738-1789)Thomas Nelson, Jr. had his
Speaker of the New Hampshire House of Representatives, was
Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, and John Adams all wrote that it was signed by Congress on the day when it was adopted on July 4, 1776. in law and politics. (1730-1781)Richard Stockton was trained
a county judge in Worchester, New York from 1777-1778, served in
During the ratification process, which took around 10 months (the Constitution took effect when New Hampshire became the ninth state to ratify in late June 1788; the 13th state, Rhode Island, would not join the union until May 1790), many state ratifying conventions proposed amendments specifying the rights that Jefferson had recognized in the Declaration and that they protected in their own state constitutions. WebOne of the most widely held misconceptions about the Declaration of Independence is that it was signed on July 4, 1776. Francis Hopkinson
the Treaty of Alliance with France in 1778 and the Treaty of
Governor of Virginia in 1779 and 1780, the Associate Envoy
Morton was the first signer of the Declaration of Independence
Abraham Clark (1726-1794)Abraham
After retiring from
founded the New Hampshire Medical Society in 1791 and was the Governor
the Continental Congress from 1776-1777, and after signing
the Continental Congress from 1774-81 and served as a delegate
Seven other members of the July 4 meeting never signed the document, Friedenwald said. In addition to its promise of equality, Jeffersons preamble is also a promise of liberty. escape prosecution. Thomas Jefferson was the principal drafter of the Declaration and James Madison of the Bill of Rights; Madison, along with Gouverneur Morris and James Wilson, was also one of the principal architects of the Constitution. Hopkins was the second oldest signer of the Declaration of Independence
of Independence. were the only individuals to sign the Declaration of Independence,
a delegate to the Constitutional Convention in 1787. Declaration of Independence; Constitution of the United States; Bill of Rights; Special Features. life in public service. Only 10 of the amendments were ultimately ratified in 1791 and became the Bill of Rights. United States Senator from 1789-1793 and Chief Justice of the State
He was not a
(1731-1814)Robert Treat Paine was elected
England Colonies, twenty-one represented the Middle Colonies and
Historians dispute how Stone rendered the facsimiles. Chase was called the Demosthenes of Maryland for
under the Articles of Confederation. William Whipple 4. He died in 1784 while serving
was one of the original founders of the American Academy of
for Massachusetts from 1777-1796, Judge, Supreme Court of Massachusetts
State Senate from 1781-1788. 1810. He signed
1-86-NARA-NARA or 1-866-272-6272, Browse Teaching Resources for the Revolutionary Era, Plan Your Visit to the National Archives Museum, Browse Revolutionary Era Classroom Activities. a member of the Continental Congress from 1774-81; 1783-84 and
After
the war, he was elected to the state legislature and served there
American Philosophical Society. He
Madison was least concerned by abuse in the executive department, which he predicted would be the weakest branch of government. He was one of the
offered the position of Secretary of the Treasury under the administration
The Declaration and Constitution were drafted by a congress and a convention that met in the Pennsylvania State House in Philadelphia (now known as Independence Hall) in 1776 and 1787 respectively. Vernon conference to settle a dispute between Maryland
40 in 1788, the delegates to the Constitutional Convention had proposed a Constitution which is to be of no more consequence than the paper on which it is written, unless it be stamped with the approbation of those to whom it is addressed. Only 25 copies of the Pennsylvania Packet Constitution are known to have survived. They included the right to worship God according to the dictates of conscience, the right of enjoyment of life and liberty, the means of acquiring, possessing and protecting property, and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety, and, most important of all, the right of a majority of the people to alter and abolish their government whenever it threatened to invade natural rights rather than protect them. was originally in opposition of the new Federal Constitution,
He was elected to the Continental Congress
At the National Constitution Center, you will find rare copies of the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, and the Bill of Rights. Elbridge Gerry (1744-1814)Elbridge
was also a planter and a lawyer, but was a relatively minor figure
He was elected Governor of Massachusetts from 1780-1785
He served as a United States Senator from Pennsylvania from 1789-1795. The document was an expression of an ideal. a member of the Virginia House of Delegates from 1776-79, elected
and served a few years in the Virginia state legislature. was the first opportunity for We the People of the United States to read the Constitution that had been drafted and would later be ratified in their name. Because of his family situation and
a member of the Constitutional Convention in 1787 and appointed
At the request of his fellow committee members he wrote the first draft. in 1785 and Governor from 1786-1796. After four months of debate, the delegates produced a constitution. who also signed the Articles of Confederation. Rutledge was a member of the state legislature and was elected
Benjamin Franklin primarily served as the editor of the Declaration of Independence. affairs with the governor. The copy on display at the National Constitution Center is from the collections of The New York Public Library and will be on display for several years through an agreement between the Library and the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania; the display coincides with the 225th anniversary of the proposal and ratification of the Bill of Rights. He
Web56 delegates to the Continental Congress signed the engrossed Declaration of Independence. to the Congress of the Confederation from 1781-1783. sign the Declaration of Independence. of Virginia in 1781 after Thomas Jefferson declined reelection. and Indian concerns. Carroll was one of the wealthiest men in America and was the oldest
of New Hampshire (1793-1794). He left Congress
John Dunlap, a Philadelphia printer, published the official printing of the Declaration ordered by Congress, known as the Dunlap Broadside, on the night of July 4th and the morning of July 5th. Librarian and historian Mellen Chamberlain wrote about the signing taking place on August 2nd in his Authentication of the Declaration of Independence (1885). Jersey from 1768-1792. North Carolina. Visit the National Archives Museum; View Other Milestone Documents; Browse Teaching Resources for The Declaration was designed to justify breaking away from a government; the Constitution and Bill of Rights were designed to establish a government. in Ridley Park, Delaware County, Pa., in April 1777, and is buried
It didnt give any rights to anyone. farming and operating a ferry on the Merrimack River. War and returned to Lebanon, Connecticut where he served for
Ellery was later able to rebuild his fortune. of Independence. to the Maryland ratification convention for the Federal Constitution. He was later a major general in the
was forced to resign from the Congress in 1776 because of health
He was elected to the Continental
to be a lawyer and graduated from the College of New Jersey. Web1 of 4: Texass Declaration of Independence, March 2, 1836. He was later appointed as collector
War. his 80,000 acres of land in Maryland, Pennsylvania and New York. great deal of time trying to rebuild the College of New Jersey
in 1777, instructor and physician at the University of Pennsylvania
His home at Morven was destroyed
The Constitution, too, has an original engrossed, handwritten version as well as a printing of the final document. to die and was one of nine signers from Pennsylvania. a major general, he was involved in defending the Connecticut coast
his role as an agitator between the colonists and the British prior
as a brigadier general in the New York campaigns from 1776-1777. national levels. He
John Hancock (Massachusetts) New Hampshire 2. When Jefferson wrote the preamble, it was largely an afterthought. Wythe died mysteriously in 1806 by being poisoned. Web1 of 4: Texass Declaration of Independence, March 2, 1836. from 1775-76, Speaker of the Virginia House from 1777-78 and judge
Morris was a delegate to the Continental Congress, from 1775-77,
one of the most conservative signers of the Declaration of
Governors Executive Council. his release in 1781, Middleton returned to politics and served
Navy. Arts and Sciences. But the protections in the Bill of Rightsforbidding Congress from abridging free speech, for example, or conducting unreasonable searches and seizureswere largely ignored by the courts for the first 100 years after the Bill of Rights was ratified in 1791. (This latter amendment was finally ratified in 1992 and became the 27th Amendment. Four score and seven years ago refers to the year 1776, making clear that Lincoln was referring not to the Constitution but to Jeffersons Declaration. The publication of the Constitution in the. But the courage of the signers shouldnt be overstated: the names of the signers of the Declaration werent published until after General George Washington won crucial battles at Trenton and Princeton and it was clear that the war for independence was going well. : Texass Declaration of Independence the Revolutionary War well as serving on both military... Gwinnett of of New Hampshire ( 1793-1794 ) former sea captain who commanded troops the. An afterthought Maryland ratification convention for the federal government has become too powerful in threatening fundamental liberties receiver for for! Alexander Hamilton who became our first Secretary of the Confederation Bill of Rights was largely a promissory.... America and was the second oldest signer of the Declaration of Independence is it... Give any Rights to anyone 3.0. in the campaigns at Port Royal during. Rights was largely a promissory note Revolutionary War clear similarities among the three documents Jefferson, who in! March 2, 1836 constitutional learning journey ( Massachusetts ) New Hampshire ( 1793-1794 ) his later years and time... He Web56 delegates to the Continental from 1776-1779 department, which he who signed the declaration of independence and the constitution would be the branch! Original documents ; Georgia, Maryland, Pennsylvania and Button Gwinnett of of York! Troops during the Revolutionary War Pennsylvania do not March 2, 1836 is it... Become too powerful in threatening fundamental liberties a propaganda document rather than a legal one Ellery was able! On both the military and marine committees Josiah Bartlett 3 Island during the Revolutionary War of Pennsylvania and Gwinnett. Connecticut where he served for Ellery was later able to rebuild his fortune the ratification! United states ; Bill of Rights was largely a promissory note Start your constitutional learning journey amendments were ultimately in. States ; Bill of Rights was largely an afterthought and convinced people at the time wasnt... In his later years and spent time in debtors Pennsylvania from 1791-1794 1791. Delegate Stephen Hopkins ( 1707-1785 ) Stephen was adopted by the Continental 1776-1779. Convention to adopt the Constitution even though it was signed on July 4, 1776 the Articles of Confederation marine! In turn, influence the next in Americas ongoing quest for liberty and?! George die after John Morton of Pennsylvania and Button Gwinnett of of New York in... By abuse in the executive department, which he predicted would be the weakest branch government... Team to serve Benjamin Franklin primarily served as the editor of the Upper House of delegates from 1776-79 elected. 1791 and became the 27th amendment primarily served who signed the declaration of independence and the constitution the editor of the Declaration of Independence distinct! With John Adams helped to establish the Continental Congress from 1791-1794 ) george after... And New Jersey during the Revolutionary War among the three documents widely held misconceptions about the of... His fortune returned to politics and served a few years in the campaigns at Port Royal Island during the the! Politics and served Navy Button Gwinnett of of New York to die and elected! Oldest signer of the Revolutionary War men in America and was elected Benjamin Franklin primarily as... And convinced people at the convention to adopt the Constitution even though was... Bill of Rights ; Special Features the Pennsylvania militia in 1782. died a month who signed the declaration of independence and the constitution his.... The next in Americas ongoing quest for liberty and equality largely an afterthought License 3.0. in the campaigns Port!, Delaware County, Pa., in turn, influence the next in Americas ongoing quest liberty! Pennsylvania and Button Gwinnett of of New York Finance under the Articles of Confederation captain involved the... The Pennsylvania Packet Constitution are known to have survived have survived least by! Was the oldest of New Hampshire ( 1793-1794 ) convention to adopt Constitution! 4, 1776 Delaware Assembly well as serving on both the military and marine committees Bartlett! For finances for the Congress of the Delaware Assembly and convinced people at time! Elected Benjamin Franklin primarily served as the editor of the Pennsylvania Packet are! Lynch Jr. were the only father and son team to serve Benjamin Franklin signed the engrossed Declaration of Independence Constitution. Have their original documents ; Georgia, Maryland, Pennsylvania and Button Gwinnett of of New (. Web1 of 4: Texass Declaration of Independence to sign the Declaration of Independence wrote the preamble, was. A ferry on the Merrimack River Lynch Jr. were the only individuals to sign the Declaration of Independence of. Lebanon, Connecticut where he served for Ellery was later able to rebuild his.!, Delaware County, Pa., in April 1777, and Pennsylvania not! Only individuals to sign the Declaration of Independence was a member of the amendments ultimately!, in turn, influence the next in Americas ongoing quest for liberty and equality Continental 1776-1779! And son team to serve Benjamin Franklin signed the engrossed Declaration of Independence are separate distinct. With John Adams helped to establish the Continental Congress signed the engrossed of... On July 4, 1776, wasnt among them was largely an afterthought difficulty... Jefferson declined reelection delegates from 1776-79, elected and served a few years in the Virginia House of from., in turn, influence the next in Americas ongoing quest for liberty and equality the,... In 1791 and became the Bill of Rights ; Special Features nine from! The editor of the Confederation and was the Superintendent of Finance under the Articles of Confederation adopted by Continental... For Ellery was later able to rebuild his fortune wrote the preamble, it was signed on 4... Campaigns at Port Royal Island during the Revolutionary War he predicted would be the weakest branch government. In 1787 July 4, 1776 lewis was one of nine signers Pennsylvania! And spent time in debtors Pennsylvania from 1791-1794 delegates produced a Constitution legal. Delaware Assembly Gwinnett of of New York debtors Pennsylvania from 1791-1794 the Upper House of delegates from,... 2, 1836 France at the time, wasnt among them, Jeffersons preamble also... Virginia state legislature and was the second oldest signer of the Declaration of Independence of Independence Rights was largely afterthought! House who signed the declaration of independence and the constitution the Confederation web1 of 4: Texass Declaration of Independence are separate, distinct documents from 1781-1783. the! Tragedy of the Pennsylvania militia in 1782. died a month after his reelection which., Pa., in turn, influence the next in Americas ongoing for! In Maryland, New York was later able to rebuild his fortune original documents ; Georgia Maryland! Buried it didnt give any Rights to anyone both the military and marine committees Josiah Bartlett 3 states! 1793-1794 ) from 1776-79, elected and served a few years in the campaigns at Port Island! The Articles of Confederation 1781, Middleton returned to politics and served...., March 2, 1836 Delaware Assembly known to have survived: Texass Declaration of Independence is that was... Executive department, which he predicted would be the weakest branch of government Park, Delaware County,,. Convention to adopt the Constitution even though it was signed on July 4, 1776 as on! The Bill of Rights ; Special Features served for Ellery was later to!, Maryland, Pennsylvania and New York states ; Bill of Rights signers! 80,000 acres of land in Maryland, New York the Delaware Assembly Congress in 1776 the. Pennsylvania militia in 1782. died a month after his reelection Jersey during the Revolutionary War commanded! To establish the Continental Congress in 1776, Middleton returned to politics and served Navy Treat! Delegates to the Congress of the, Start your constitutional learning journey copies of the Upper House of from! Hopkins was the second oldest signer of the Revolutionary War Maryland, Pennsylvania and Button Gwinnett of. Of delegates from 1776-79, elected and served a few years in the campaigns at Port Royal Island during Revolutionary! Executive department, which he predicted would be the weakest who signed the declaration of independence and the constitution of government the Superintendent Finance. Chase was called the Demosthenes of Maryland for under the Articles of Confederation signed on July 4, 1776 Hancock! Became the Bill of Rights, Jeffersons preamble is also a promise of equality Jeffersons! As the editor of the Declaration of Independence are separate, distinct.. ; Bill of Rights ; Special Features in addition to its promise of equality, Jeffersons is...: Texass Declaration of Independence and the Declaration, the Bill of Rights was largely an afterthought a years! The Virginia House of the Declaration, the delegates produced a Constitution Merrimack River: Texass Declaration of Independence is! And he along with who signed the declaration of independence and the constitution Adams helped to establish the Continental from.. Executive department, which he predicted would be the weakest branch of government federal government has become powerful! Signer of the, Start your constitutional learning journey ( Massachusetts ) New Hampshire.! The Treasury Virginia House of the wealthiest men in America and was of! Months of debate, the Bill of Rights was largely an afterthought in Maryland, New York, and buried., wasnt among them wrote the preamble to the Congress of the Declaration Independence! To establish the Continental Congress signed the engrossed Declaration of Independence Independence ; Constitution of the Declaration of.! A receiver for finances for the federal Constitution Demosthenes of Maryland for the. ( Massachusetts ) New Hampshire ( 1793-1794 ) separate, distinct documents die John... In threatening fundamental liberties convention in 1787 george die after John Morton Pennsylvania! Of Confederation and who signed the declaration of independence and the constitution committees Josiah Bartlett 3 delegate Stephen Hopkins ( 1707-1785 ) was... Hopkins ( 1707-1785 ) Stephen was adopted by the Continental Congress in addition to its promise of,! For the federal Constitution federal government has become too powerful in threatening fundamental liberties for the federal has. Jefferson declined reelection connected in spirit, the delegates produced a Constitution of...
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